Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Antimicrobial Resistance among Community Pharmacists
Sajal Agarwal *
IPPS, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Agra, India.
Manish Kumar
IPPS, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Agra, India.
Aman Chaudhary
IPPS, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Agra, India.
Ravi Kumar
IPPS, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Agra, India.
Udit Kumar
IPPS, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Agra, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global public health threat, with community pharmacies playing a crucial role in antibiotic use. This study assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding AMR among community pharmacists.
Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among community pharmacists. Data on demographics, knowledge, attitudes, and dispensing practices related to antibiotics were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics, mean scores, and correlation analysis.
Results: Pharmacists demonstrated moderate knowledge of AMR, with gaps in awareness of national guidelines. Attitudes toward rational antibiotic use were largely positive; however, inappropriate practices such as dispensing antibiotics without prescription were common. A positive correlation was observed between knowledge, attitude, and practice scores.
Conclusion: Despite reasonable awareness and favorable attitudes, suboptimal dispensing practices persist, highlighting the need for stronger regulatory enforcement, continuous professional education, and antimicrobial stewardship initiatives in community pharmacy settings.
Keywords: Antimicrobial resistance, community pharmacy, knowledge, attitude and practice, antibiotic dispensing, antimicrobial stewardship