Asian Journal of Advances in Medical Science

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by bloating, abdominal pain, and altered bowel habits, which includes constipation, diarrhoea, or a combination of both. Although not life-threatening, IBS significantly affects quality of life and mental health of the patients. The criteria for diagnosing IBS have been significantly refined, and most recently based on Rome IV criteria. Visceral hypersensitivity is one of the key mechanisms which implicated in its pathophysiology, which leads to increased perception of pain in response to normal gastrointestinal stimuli. Population-based studies estimate that the prevalence of IBS is at 10-20% and the incidence is at 1-2% per year.

Molecular modelling is the most important method for the investigation and reorganization of receptor protein and compound structure, potentially without giving more investment in research work and time.

Carbonic anhydrase IV (CA IV), is a zinc metalloenzyme which present on the apical membrane of the intestinal epithelium. It plays a crucial role in inflammation and visceral pain. Its activity is elevated in colitis models, leading to visceral pain and colon damage. Blocking CA IV reduces pain sensitivity and protects colon tissue. Targeting CA IV may offer a promising therapeutic strategy for IBS symptoms management.

Aarumuga Chooranam is a traditional Siddha polyherbal formulation with recognized by its gastrointestinal benefits. This study aims to evaluate the interaction of phytoconstituents present in Aarumuga Chooranam with CA IV using molecular docking techniques, followed by in vitro validation.

The results of this investigation is to provide scientific evidence supporting the traditional use of the siddha formulation in IBS management and may lead to the development of effective plant-based therapeutics targeting inflammation and hypersensitivity associated with IBS.